Restoratives today rival actual enamel and sustain wear that is as low as three micrometers per year.
Dr. Samuel Waknine talks to Cosmetic Dentist Dr. Judy Johnson, New York, NY ; Chief Medical Officer, Dental Visits Midtown Manhattan NYC Center for Cosmetic Dentistry , about the importance and advantages of using optimum materials in modern restorative dentistry. Dr. Waknine is President of DRM Research Labs, which is mostly involved in research and development. He lectures at the academic and private sector level, providing either operative or technological instruction to clinicians and technologists, the world over.
(Question) New York Cosmetic Dentist Dr. Judy Johnson: Do you think the Central and Eastern European or the markets of the United States are ready for products with high aesthetic quality and state of- the-art materials?
(Answer) Samuel Waknine DDS: I think so! I have had a vast amount of experience lecturing worldwide and interacting both in the industrial sector as well as in the clinical and academic sector with many technologists, professors and clinicians whether it is in Lithuania, the Czech Republic, Poland or Russia. Indeed such materials are becoming more and more popular in those venues due to the fact that firstly, they are easier to use, secondly, they require less machinery and equipment in the laboratory and thirdly, chair-side time is significantly reduced.
The main disadvantages to this more sophisticated material is that it requires a dry field of operation during the momentary placement procedure, however, I think the advantages outweigh the disadvantages due to the fact that one has a material that is functional, aesthetic, matches tooth color, that is serviceable and is biocompatible, healthier overall compared to the traditional silver amalgam fillings and the standard crown and bridge alloys; nickel chrome, chrome-cobalt and silver-palladium products.
With traditional materials it takes two to three days and an innumerable amount of equipment, instruments and adjunct materials before a crown or a bridge is fabricated, whereas with our materials one is able to fabricate a rather vast or large restoration in less than one hour. So from a time, effort and equipment perspective, this is the preferred methodology for the laboratory.
(Question) New York Cosmetic Dentist Dr. Judy Johnson: Are there any other advantages of modern restorative materials?
(Answer) Samuel Waknine DDS: If we look at a dental restoration in a chronological manner from infancy to adulthood, from pediatric dentistry to geriatric dentistry, we start out with a little tiny one-surface cavity, that escalates to a two-surface filling, then possibly leaks and has to be repaired and becomes a pin-retented three – or four-surface silver amalgam filling undermining the surrounding enamel, and then onward to a crown (usually poorly adapted or sealed), followed by endodontic treatment and a post/core build-up encapsulated by a crown prosthesis and possibly an extraction, even a bridge, usually non precious alloy (porcelain fused to metal), subsequent alveolar bone resorption and then possibly a removable prosthesis; partial or denture followed by ridge augmentation and possibly an implant.
Because silver amalgams are very limited they usually have to be repaired somewhere down the line. By the time they have to be repaired, the carious lesion site usually has progressed so vastly that it invariably turns into a three-quarter crown or a full crown. On occasions, one even has to resort to crown and bridgework.
The approach with the new modern poly-ceram restorative materials is that if one can achieve a very good seal at a tooth restorative interface, which is really the hub or area of concentration of the technology, and then one can reduce the possibility of having to remake the restoration and ensue this very tedious and complicated voyage. This is not the case with the advanced restorative materials. If there is a failure it tends to be rather minor and require very quick patch-up and repair at the adhesive interface and so the incidences of secondary caries, remakes or repairs is significantly lower in potential expenditure and tooth loss. Which is a massive advantage whether you are in Prague, London or New York City.
(Question) New York Cosmetic Dentist Dr. Judy Johnson: What about the issue of durability?
(Answer) Samuel Waknine DDS: That is a very good point. There is a propensity to judge today’s restoratives of the poly-ceram category by ‘bunching them’ with those of 40 years ago, particularly among dentists who were accustomed to those products then. However, composites or bonding materials from 40 years ago are a far cry from what is available today. Since then, we have gone through about seven generations of products and probably tens of thousands of research projects documented in the form of manuscripts and patents, so there has been a good deal of innovative progression in this field of technology.
Consequently, today there are several products that are very reliable. From the perspective of wear resistance, today’s restoratives are able to sustain wear that is as low as three micrometers per year – which rivals actual enamel. This compares with 40 years ago when it was 150 micrometers per year. According to statistics from pooled clinical data, today’s restoratives have an average half-life of 17-22 years, which is very close to a silver amalgam restoration and or porcelain fused to metal crown. From a color stability perspective these products no longer have residual oxide by-products, they tend to be very stable and tend to maintain their anatomical form, contour and texture and overall physico-mechanical functional state. So yes, there are still some materials today that are not very reliable, and then, there are a few materials that are extremely advanced and are capable of rivaling any metallurgical or ceramic adjunct material.
(Question) New York Cosmetic Dentist Dr. Judy Johnson: Would you say that while these materials might perhaps be slightly more expensive, in the long run they save so much time that they work out to be more economical?
(Answer) Samuel Waknine DDS: Well, cost is certainly one element, but in today’s society people are more health conscious and aesthetically aware, which are also factors that need to be considered. I think that a silver restoration for a posterior molar tooth is 50/50. No one looks back there so it may not be too important. However, for an anterior restoration there is really no choice in the matter, the thought of seeing gold or silver as you smile is rather awkward, therefore, more aesthetically pleasing materials become a matter of necessity. So for the anterior sector of the intra-oral environment it is a necessity. Furthermore, as far as the laboratory technician is concerned, modern materials are quicker and easier to use so there is really no reason why they should not be chosen.
(Question) New York Cosmetic Dentist Dr. Judy Johnson: Could you tell us a little about the history of dental restorations and the advances that have been made in recent years?
(Answer) Samuel Waknine DDS: Traditionally, metallurgical materials were used for restorations. This was a very well established practice for the best part of 150 years. In the case of fillings, silver amalgams were used to a large extent worldwide. These amalgams are 50 percent powder – composed of silver, tin, copper and a trace amount of zinc, and 50 percent liquid – which is pure mercury – amalgamated to form a paste, which is placed into the cavity. The silver amalgamates by reacting with the free mercury, while the copper interacts with the tin to create a cupric-tin complex strengthening/hardening interphase and the zinc acts like a scavenger to rid any unreacted metallic oxide residue. This material is not very technique sensitive, with near zero handling/manipulation error characteristics, so it’s advantageous to the clinician due to the fact that it can be placed in a slightly moist environment, forgiving to isolation technique acuity, in lieu of deleterious effects to its tooth-margin interfacial integrity. However, there are serious disadvantages to this type of silver amalgam material in comparison to the modern poly-ceram composite fillings.
The silver amalgam is not tooth colored and is rather obvious when placed in the anterior sector of the oral environment. However, the modern poly-ceram composite can attain a near perfect tooth color match. Further, in the event the silver amalgam is applied beyond one third of the cuspal incline, it tends to undermine the surrounding thin-walled remaining enamel leading to cuspal fracture and/or radial cracks compromising the retentive surrounding tooth aspects, or the restoration itself. The poly-ceram is capable of achieving a chemical bond-linkage to the underlying organic dentin and a micro-mechanical bond to the surrounding enamel honeycomb prismatic structure with the aid of modern seventh generation adhesive technology.
This allows for a more conservative approach to tooth preparation guidelines criteria, with a greater emphasis on conservation of sound non-carious tooth structure. Conversely, such advances in adhesion technology have allowed for more substantial, larger restorations, in lieu of hampering the strength of the remaining tooth structure, especially with the advent of extra-oral processed inlay-onlay (three-quarter)-crown luted cemented restorations.
The metallurgical silver-amalgam product is electrically conductive, so it is not the most pleasant material to have in your mouth. By contrast, the poly-ceram composite filling is electrically non-conductive. The silver amalgam also undergoes an abrasion phenomenon leading to degradation, allowing the leaching of certain mercuric contents from the filling, which have been known to affect certain kidney and liver enzymes and even permeate the blood brain barrier. Although, the mercuric salt differs from the free mercury in its unamalgamated form, this remains a controversial issue.
Whereas the poly-ceram composites of the 1960s ensued upward of 150 micron wears per year, today’s (circa 1993-2003) modern poly-ceram composites are able to sustain a clinical wear rate of 3-35 microns per year, a pivotal improvement. The corrosion by-product of the dental silver amalgam serendipitously seals the tooth restoration margin, in lieu of chemical adhesion, otherwise known as the Gamma-II Phase. In order to passivate this corrosion phenomena, both marginal breakdown, surface pit-corrosion patterns and tarnish, high copper amalgams were innovated, however, a clear disadvantage of the accentuation of the Gamma-I Phase is that it leads to more prevalent bulk fracture and facilitated mercuric salt by-product release.
The G.V. Black rules of cavity preparation protocol innovated in 1898, and still practiced today, state the necessity of ‘extension for prevention’, in other words extending the cavity preparation/excavation beyond the carious limit zone in order to prevent recurring caries, thereby, consuming more tooth structure. In addition, due to the fact that silver amalgams do not chemically adhere to tooth structure, creating diatoric forms, undercuts, channeling and macro-mechanical retentive sites during the cavity preparation is both necessary to retent the amalgam as well as deleterious in sacrificing more sound tooth structure. On such occasion that the tooth preparation has been compromised to a great extent, the tendency is to use gold retentive pins in order to anchor and sustain the silver-mercury admix, a further unnecessary invasive step.
Previous research has shown that a silver amalgam ‘MOD’ 3- surface, slot-like cavity preparation, restored class II molar tooth, sustains only 50 percent of a sound unrestored molar intercuspal flexural strength. Further, a modern poly-ceram composite restoration strengthens the tooth to 2xfold its potential intercuspal transverse strength. Silver amalgams used in large class II molar restorations; invariably cause a tattoo phenomenon of permanent tooth discoloration to a violet-gray/green tinge and even brown/black tint, this is quite evident when a clinician attempts the removal, replacement or repair of a failing old silver-amalgam restoration. This is not the case with modern poly-ceram composite filling materials. As a consequence, such restorations have, over the past 20-25 years, become less and less popular and alternatives, otherwise known as bonding or white fillings (or more prevalently known as composites) are now available.
(Question) New York Cosmetic Dentist Dr. Judy Johnson: Could you tell us about your particular area of specialty?
(Answer) Samuel Waknine DDS: At DRM Research Labs our area of specialty lies with these alternative restorations, which are composed of polymeric materials and glass ceramic fillers for reinforcement. Such restorations are used for a plethora of intraoral care including liners, cement, sealants, class V cervical erosion sites, and direct fillings, class I, II, III and IV in anterior and posterior tooth restoration. They were originally available in auto cure format (2-part systems) throughout the 1950-60s, then in photo cure UV-light initiated (200-400 nanometers). In the early 1970s and in the late 1970s the entire industry merged to photo cure blue or halogen light cure materials, which are initiated by a blue light ranging from 400 to 700 nanometers wavelength irradiated for 10-40 seconds. The light triggers a free-radical addition reaction in the material that converts it from a monomer (liquid state) to a polymer (solid form), hardened material.
Such materials have experienced a lot of problems, most of which have been resolved over the years, as the technology has become more refined. Our area of concentration and original innovation is the semi-crystalline poly-ceram nano-reinforced technology, and the particular line adjunct and borne of this pivotal innovation is the Diamond product line. There is an entire series affiliated with this ranging from the advanced adhesive, DiamondBond, the liner/cement/sealant, DiamondLink, the filling material, DiamondLite to the prosthodontic, crown and bridge system, DiamondCrown. It is the crystalline morphology and special oligomer-ceram interfacial characteristics that affords these materials certain physical, mechanical, optical and wear resistance properties that rival the standard amorphous polymer composites.
This special technology has afforded improved color stability, better tooth color matching ability, significantly higher fracture strength resistance, near-zero leaching/solubility, tremendous wear resistance, negligible polymerization-contraction forces, shrinkage, substantially improved tooth-adhesive marginal integrity due to advanced bonding mechanisms, biocompatible formulation and remarkable toughness, shock absorbing character, carrying this technology above the norm of the restorative niche into the realm of reconstructive materials, including prosthetics and implantology.
Of special interest is field prosthodontics and implantology due to the fact that the traditional superstructure encapsulating or crowning the underlying metallic alloy substructure is usually dental porcelain characterized as a very hard and brittle surface that is relatively unforgiving and complex in its laboratory application methodology. The PFM (porcelain fused to metal) restoration, although very popular, is infused with a spectrum of relative disadvantages:
i. The mechanical properties of dental porcelain exhibit an unusually hard material, four times that of natural tooth structure, which is rather non-forgiving, wears opposing dentition, weak in tension and flexure mode (low strength), and most importantly attains very low toughness, hence, unable to dissipate cyclic masticatory energy. Therefore, it is prone to fracture, delamination from the underlying retentive metal framework, eventually necessitating complex intra/extra-oral repair.
ii. This is further complicated by the use of popular dental alloys as the copings or frameworks for these dental porcelains such as nickel chrome and silver-palladium, which have been documented to ensue cytotoxic reactivity with the intraoral epithelial mucous membrane soft tissue contact zones, leading to cervical erosion, pocket formation, degradation of the interdentinal papillae and loss of periodontal ligature attachment, accelerating mobility and jeopardizing the overall stability of tooth structural-architectural ergonomics.
iii. The underlying metallic substructure lack of aesthetic quality or tooth color matching ability necessitates greater tooth structure compromise in order to plunge the metallic collar of the crown restoration, yielding a cervical margin below the gingival gum-tissue line, sub gingival. This leads to further bio-interaction at the sulcus with perio-ligature deterioration and poor hygienic maintenance due to inaccessibility to tooth brushing and dentifrice activity.
iv. These factors collectively are of great ramification when such materials, dental porcelain, are used in implant prosthodontics. Especially in single implants and the more popular immediate loading techniques, where the shock absorbing, high toughness, form and functional maintenance coupled with superb aesthetics of the semi-crystalline poly-ceram nano-reinforced DiamondCrown technology rivals any dental porcelain titanium implant superstructure. This is of great importance in particularly frail osseo integration transitional implant-prosthesis (crown) loading periods that will dictate the eventual success rate of the implant prosthesis integration and maintenance thereof.
Further, in complicated cases where temporomadibular joint disorder is prevalent and eventual characteristic tooth bruxism and jaw-clenching phenomena are evident, the semi-crystalline DiamondCrown technology, serves its purpose par excellence as the restorative of choice for occlusal rehabilitation. Whereby the shock-absorbing, cyclic masticatory energy dissipating special micro morphology of the crystalline lamellae leads to a micro elastic behavior, the reinforcing poly-ceram interdendritic structure allows for macro rigidity and architectural stability in spite of the tormented occlusal disappropriation. Further, enhanced by the ability to repair and maintain intra-orally opposed to the standard of the industry, dental gold.
(Question) New York Cosmetic Dentist Dr. Judy Johnson: Would it be advisable to undertake specific training before using the new restorative materials?
(Answer) Samuel Waknine DDS: Yes, training and education is a key factor in disseminating the proper methodology and operative techniques affiliated with this new generation of materials. The learning curve associated with the older generation metallurgical materials, from an intra-oral placement care point of view, is not very steep, so in order to become more adept at this type of restorative dentistry, it is very important to hold clinics, workshops and get-togethers or even chair-side practical workshops to bring about greater awareness as to what is the proper either surgical, operative or technical protocols that bring about a higher chair-side success rate, their corresponding clinical indications and material ramifications.
(Question) New York Cosmetic Dentist Dr. Judy Johnson: Who would conduct these workshops?
(Answer) Samuel Waknine DDS: We actually conduct these workshops with an entire team of technologists, clinicians and scientists. We go from country to country and attempt to help generate a greater awareness of the proper clinical methodologies associated with advanced biomaterials chemical engineering. That’s what brings about the real success in this restorative science – the education.
Dental Health Care and Teeth Protection
Smile is the beauty of Face. Healthy teeth compliments healthy smile. For keeping teeth healthy proper care is very necessary. Nowadays because of unhealthy food and due to not taking proper care many dental problems are arising like bruxism,canker sore, teeth cavities, gum diseases, Periodontitis, Dysphagia, Gingivitis, Halitosis, dry mouth and many more.
There are many dental solutions available with the dentists like:
• Dental fillings are a requirement when you face dental problems like broken or chipped of dentures, tooth with cavities etc. Dental fillings are done with certain non-reactive and stable metals and inorganic compounds.
• Dental sealants otherwise also known as tooth sealants are a thin coat of resin that is applied on the surface of the teeth to prevent tooth decay.
• Dentures are the most helpful thing that has brought out for the people without teeth. They act as a substitute for the teeth and are easily removable when required. Dentures can be used for single tooth replacements, a few teeth replacements or replacement of a whole set of teeth.
• Dental insurance – Here in dental insurance, you will get covered for all dental procedures that are carried out on your teeth either during the course of normal dental care or in case you suffer from an accident and damages has taken place to your teeth.
• Braces have been in place not just to ensure the beauty of a person or guarantee his / her smile. They are able to rectify health problems and help one to maintain better oral hygiene. Teeth that have been overcrowded in the mouth are distributed evenly and thy can be cleaned effectively by brushing and flossing. Other dental problems like tooth decay and cavities can also be cleared over time with proper braces for your teeth
But as we know that Precaution is better than cure. So it is better to keep good care of our teeth to keep smiling always.
Tips for Dental Care:
• Brush your teeth correctly at least twice a day.
• Use your teeth for what they are intended for
• Avoid smoking, drugs, tobacco etc.
• Avoid clinching or grinding teeth
• Floss your teeth to remove food particles and bits that are trapped under the gums.
• Consume foods that will not damage your teeth
• Know what you are taking and update your knowledge about the side effects of the se medications.
• Perform Exercises for your teeth like gum massage.
Visit the dentist once in every six months
Clean the mouth after having the food to maintain good oral hygiene.
Restoratives Today Rival Actual Enamel and Sustain Wear That is as Low as Three Micrometers Per Year
Dr. Samuel Waknine talks to New York Cosmetic Dentist Dr. Judy Johnson, Chief Medical Officer; Dental Visits Midtown Manhattan NYC Center for Cosmetic Dentistry, about the importance and advantages of using optimum materials in modern restorative dentistry. Dr. Waknine is President of DRM Research Labs, which is mostly involved in research and development. He lectures at the academic and private sector level, providing either operative or technological instruction to clinicians and technologists, the world over.
(Question) New York Cosmetic Dentist Dr. Judy Johnson: Do you think the Central and Eastern European or the markets of the United States are ready for products with high aesthetic quality and state of- the-art materials?
(Answer) Samuel Waknine DDS: I think so! I have had a vast amount of experience lecturing worldwide and interacting both in the industrial sector as well as in the clinical and academic sector with many technologists, professors and clinicians whether it is in Lithuania, the Czech Republic, Poland or Russia. Indeed such materials are becoming more and more popular in those venues due to the fact that firstly, they are easier to use, secondly, they require less machinery and equipment in the laboratory and thirdly, chair-side time is significantly reduced.
The main disadvantages to this more sophisticated material is that it requires a dry field of operation during the momentary placement procedure, however, I think the advantages outweigh the disadvantages due to the fact that one has a material that is functional, aesthetic, matches tooth color, that is serviceable and is biocompatible, healthier overall compared to the traditional silver amalgam fillings and the standard crown and bridge alloys; nickel chrome, chrome-cobalt and silver-palladium products.
With traditional materials it takes two to three days and an innumerable amount of equipment, instruments and adjunct materials before a crown or a bridge is fabricated, whereas with our materials one is able to fabricate a rather vast or large restoration in less than one hour. So from a time, effort and equipment perspective, this is the preferred methodology for the laboratory.
(Question) New York Cosmetic Dentist Dr. Judy Johnson: Are there any other advantages of modern restorative materials?
(Answer) Samuel Waknine DDS: If we look at dental restoration in a chronological manner from infancy to adulthood, from pediatric dentistry to geriatric dentistry, we start out with a little tiny one-surface cavity, that escalates to a two-surface filling, then possibly leaks and has to be repaired and becomes a pin-retented three – or four-surface silver amalgam filling undermining the surrounding enamel, and then onward to a crown (usually poorly adapted or sealed), followed by endodontic treatment and a post/core build-up encapsulated by a crown prosthesis and possibly an extraction, even a bridge, usually non precious alloy (porcelain fused to metal), subsequent alveolar bone resorption and then possibly a removable prosthesis; partial or denture followed by ridge augmentation and possibly an implant.
Because silver amalgams are very limited they usually have to be repaired somewhere down the line. By the time they have to be repaired, the carious lesion site usually has progressed so vastly that it invariably turns into a three-quarter crown or a full crown. On occasions, one even has to resort to crown and bridgework.
The approach with the new modern poly-ceram restorative materials is that if one can achieve a very good seal at a tooth restorative interface, which is really the hub or area of concentration of the technology, and then one can reduce the possibility of having to remake the restoration and ensue this very tedious and complicated voyage. This is not the case with the advanced restorative materials. If there is a failure it tends to be rather minor and require very quick patch-up and repair at the adhesive interface and so the incidences of secondary caries, remakes or repairs is significantly lower in potential expenditure and tooth loss. Which is a massive advantage whether you are in Prague, London or New York City.
(Question) New York Cosmetic Dentist Dr. Judy Johnson: What about the issue of durability?
(Answer) Samuel Waknine DDS: That is a very good point. There is a propensity to judge today’s restoratives of the poly-ceram category by ‘bunching them’ with those of 40 years ago, particularly among dentists who were accustomed to those products then. However, composites or bonding materials from 40 years ago are a far cry from what is available today. Since then, we have gone through about seven generations of products and probably tens of thousands of research projects documented in the form of manuscripts and patents, so there has been a good deal of innovative progression in this field of technology.
Consequently, today there are several products that are very reliable. From the perspective of wear resistance, today’s restoratives are able to sustain wear that is as low as three micrometers per year – which rivals actual enamel. This compares with 40 years ago when it was 150 micrometers per year. According to statistics from pooled clinical data, today’s restoratives have an average half-life of 17-22 years, which is very close to a silver amalgam restoration and or porcelain fused to metal crown. From a color stability perspective these products no longer have residual oxide by-products, they tend to be very stable and tend to maintain their anatomical form, contour and texture and overall physico-mechanical functional state. So yes, there are still some materials today that are not very reliable, and then, there are a few materials that are extremely advanced and are capable of rivaling any metallurgical or ceramic adjunct material.
(Question) New York Cosmetic Dentist Dr. Judy Johnson: Would you say that while these materials might perhaps be slightly more expensive, in the long run they save so much time that they work out to be more economical?
(Answer) Samuel Waknine DDS: Well, cost is certainly one element, but in today’s society people are more health conscious and aesthetically aware, which are also factors that need to be considered. I think that a silver restoration for a posterior molar tooth is 50/50. No one looks back there so it may not be too important. However, for an anterior restoration there is really no choice in the matter, the thought of seeing gold or silver as you smile is rather awkward, therefore, more aesthetically pleasing materials become a matter of necessity. So for the anterior sector of the intra-oral environment it is a necessity. Furthermore, as far as the laboratory technician is concerned, modern materials are quicker and easier to use so there is really no reason why they should not be chosen.
(Question) New York Cosmetic Dentist Dr. Judy Johnson: Could you tell us a little about the history of dental restorations and the advances that have been made in recent years?
(Answer) Samuel Waknine DDS: Traditionally, metallurgical materials were used for restorations. This was a very well established practice for the best part of 150 years. In the case of fillings, silver amalgams were used to a large extent worldwide. These amalgams are 50 percent powder – composed of silver, tin, copper and a trace amount of zinc, and 50 percent liquid – which is pure mercury – amalgamated to form a paste, which is placed into the cavity. The silver amalgamates by reacting with the free mercury, while the copper interacts with the tin to create a cupric-tin complex strengthening/hardening interphase and the zinc acts like a scavenger to rid any unreacted metallic oxide residue. This material is not very technique sensitive, with near zero handling/manipulation error characteristics, so it’s advantageous to the clinician due to the fact that it can be placed in a slightly moist environment, forgiving to isolation technique acuity, in lieu of deleterious effects to its tooth-margin interfacial integrity. However, there are serious disadvantages to this type of silver amalgam material in comparison to the modern poly-ceram composite fillings.
The silver amalgam is not tooth colored and is rather obvious when placed in the anterior sector of the oral environment. However, the modern poly-ceram composite can attain a near perfect tooth color match. Further, in the event the silver amalgam is applied beyond one third of the cuspal incline, it tends to undermine the surrounding thin-walled remaining enamel leading to cuspal fracture and/or radial cracks compromising the retentive surrounding tooth aspects, or the restoration itself. The poly-ceram is capable of achieving a chemical bond-linkage to the underlying organic dentin and a micro-mechanical bond to the surrounding enamel honeycomb prismatic structure with the aid of modern seventh generation adhesive technology.
This allows for a more conservative approach to tooth preparation guidelines criteria, with a greater emphasis on conservation of sound non-carious tooth structure. Conversely, such advances in adhesion technology have allowed for more substantial, larger restorations, in lieu of hampering the strength of the remaining tooth structure, especially with the advent of extra-oral processed inlay-onlay (three-quarter)-crown luted cemented restorations.
The metallurgical silver-amalgam product is electrically conductive, so it is not the most pleasant material to have in your mouth. By contrast, the poly-ceram composite filling is electrically non-conductive. The silver amalgam also undergoes an abrasion phenomenon leading to degradation, allowing the leaching of certain mercuric contents from the filling, which have been known to affect certain kidney and liver enzymes and even permeate the blood brain barrier. Although, the mercuric salt differs from the free mercury in its unamalgamated form, this remains a controversial issue.
Whereas the poly-ceram composites of the 1960s ensued upward of 150 micron wears per year, today’s (circa 1993-2003) modern poly-ceram composites are able to sustain a clinical wear rate of 3-35 microns per year, a pivotal improvement. The corrosion by-product of the dental silver amalgam serendipitously seals the tooth restoration margin, in lieu of chemical adhesion, otherwise known as the Gamma-II Phase. In order to passivate this corrosion phenomena, both marginal breakdown, surface pit-corrosion patterns and tarnish, high copper amalgams were innovated, however, a clear disadvantage of the accentuation of the Gamma-I Phase is that it leads to more prevalent bulk fracture and facilitated mercuric salt by-product release.
The G.V. Black rules of cavity preparation protocol innovated in 1898, and still practiced today, state the necessity of ‘extension for prevention’, in other words extending the cavity preparation/excavation beyond the carious limit zone in order to prevent recurring caries, thereby, consuming more tooth structure. In addition, due to the fact that silver amalgams do not chemically adhere to tooth structure, creating diatoric forms, undercuts, channeling and macro-mechanical retentive sites during the cavity preparation is both necessary to retent the amalgam as well as deleterious in sacrificing more sound tooth structure. On such occasion that the tooth preparation has been compromised to a great extent, the tendency is to use gold retentive pins in order to anchor and sustain the silver-mercury admix, a further unnecessary invasive step.
Previous research has shown that a silver amalgam ‘MOD’ 3- surface, slot-like cavity preparation, restored class II molar tooth, sustains only 50 percent of a sound unrestored molar intercuspal flexural strength. Further, a modern poly-ceram composite restoration strengthens the tooth to 2xfold its potential intercuspal transverse strength. Silver amalgams used in large class II molar restorations; invariably cause a tattoo phenomenon of permanent tooth discoloration to a violet-gray/green tinge and even brown/black tint, this is quite evident when a clinician attempts the removal, replacement or repair of a failing old silver-amalgam restoration. This is not the case with modern poly-ceram composite filling materials. As a consequence, such restorations have, over the past 20-25 years, become less and less popular and alternatives, otherwise known as bonding or white fillings (or more prevalently known as composites) are now available.
(Question) New York Cosmetic Dentist Dr. Judy Johnson: Could you tell us about your particular area of specialty?
(Answer) Samuel Waknine DDS: At DRM Research Labs our area of specialty lies with these alternative restorations, which are composed of polymeric materials and glass ceramic fillers for reinforcement. Such restorations are used for a plethora of intraoral care including liners, cement, sealants, class V cervical erosion sites, and direct fillings, class I, II, III and IV in anterior and posterior tooth restoration. They were originally available in auto cure format (2-part systems) throughout the 1950-60s, then in photo cure UV-light initiated (200-400 nanometers). In the early 1970s and in the late 1970s the entire industry merged to photo cure blue or halogen light cure materials, which are initiated by a blue light ranging from 400 to 700 nanometers wavelength irradiated for 10-40 seconds. The light triggers a free-radical addition reaction in the material that converts it from a monomer (liquid state) to a polymer (solid form), hardened material.
Such materials have experienced a lot of problems, most of which have been resolved over the years, as the technology has become more refined. Our area of concentration and original innovation is the semi-crystalline poly-ceram nano-reinforced technology, and the particular line adjunct and borne of this pivotal innovation is the Diamond product line. There is an entire series affiliated with this ranging from the advanced adhesive, DiamondBond, the liner/cement/sealant, DiamondLink, the filling material, DiamondLite to the prosthodontic, crown and bridge system, DiamondCrown. It is the crystalline morphology and special oligomer-ceram interfacial characteristics that affords these materials certain physical, mechanical, optical and wear resistance properties that rival the standard amorphous polymer composites.
This special technology has afforded improved color stability, better tooth color matching ability, significantly higher fracture strength resistance, near-zero leaching/solubility, tremendous wear resistance, negligible polymerization-contraction forces, shrinkage, substantially improved tooth-adhesive marginal integrity due to advanced bonding mechanisms, biocompatible formulation and remarkable toughness, shock absorbing character, carrying this technology above the norm of the restorative niche into the realm of reconstructive materials, including prosthetics and implantology.
Of special interest is field prosthodontics and implantology due to the fact that the traditional superstructure encapsulating or crowning the underlying metallic alloy substructure is usually dental porcelain characterized as a very hard and brittle surface that is relatively unforgiving and complex in its laboratory application methodology. The PFM (porcelain fused to metal) restoration, although very popular, is infused with a spectrum of relative disadvantages:
i. The mechanical properties of dental porcelain exhibit an unusually hard material, four times that of natural tooth structure, which is rather non-forgiving, wears opposing dentition, weak in tension and flexure mode (low strength), and most importantly attains very low toughness, hence, unable to dissipate cyclic masticatory energy. Therefore, it is prone to fracture, delamination from the underlying retentive metal framework, eventually necessitating complex intra/extra-oral repair.
ii. This is further complicated by the use of popular dental alloys as the copings or frameworks for these dental porcelains such as nickel chrome and silver-palladium, which have been documented to ensue cytotoxic reactivity with the intraoral epithelial mucous membrane soft tissue contact zones, leading to cervical erosion, pocket formation, degradation of the interdentinal papillae and loss of periodontal ligature attachment, accelerating mobility and jeopardizing the overall stability of tooth structural-architectural ergonomics.
iii. The underlying metallic substructure lack of aesthetic quality or tooth color matching ability necessitates greater tooth structure compromise in order to plunge the metallic collar of the crown restoration, yielding a cervical margin below the gingival gum-tissue line, sub gingival. This leads to further bio-interaction at the sulcus with perio-ligature deterioration and poor hygienic maintenance due to inaccessibility to tooth brushing and dentifrice activity.
iv. These factors collectively are of great ramification when such materials, dental porcelain, are used in implant prosthodontics. Especially in single implants and the more popular immediate loading techniques, where the shock absorbing, high toughness, form and functional maintenance coupled with superb aesthetics of the semi-crystalline poly-ceram nano-reinforced DiamondCrown technology rivals any dental porcelain titanium implant superstructure. This is of great importance in particularly frail osseo integration transitional implant-prosthesis (crown) loading periods that will dictate the eventual success rate of the implant prosthesis integration and maintenance thereof.
Further, in complicated cases where temporomadibular joint disorder is prevalent and eventual characteristic tooth bruxism and jaw-clenching phenomena are evident, the semi-crystalline DiamondCrown technology, serves its purpose par excellence as the restorative of choice for occlusal rehabilitation. Whereby the shock-absorbing, cyclic masticatory energy dissipating special micro morphology of the crystalline lamellae leads to a micro elastic behavior, the reinforcing poly-ceram interdendritic structure allows for macro rigidity and architectural stability in spite of the tormented occlusal disappropriation. Further, enhanced by the ability to repair and maintain intra-orally opposed to the standard of the industry, dental gold.
(Question) New York Cosmetic Dentist Dr. Judy Johnson: Would it be advisable to undertake specific training before using the new restorative materials?
(Answer) Samuel Waknine DDS: Yes, training and education is a key factor in disseminating the proper methodology and operative techniques affiliated with this new generation of materials. The learning curve associated with the older generation metallurgical materials, from an intra-oral placement care point of view, is not very steep, so in order to become more adept at this type of restorative dentistry, it is very important to hold clinics, workshops and get-togethers or even chair-side practical workshops to bring about greater awareness as to what is the proper either surgical, operative or technical protocols that bring about a higher chair-side success rate, their corresponding clinical indications and material ramifications.
(Question) New York Cosmetic Dentist Dr. Judy Johnson: Who would conduct these workshops?
(Answer) Samuel Waknine DDS: We actually conduct these workshops with an entire team of technologists, clinicians and scientists. We go from country to country and attempt to help generate a greater awareness of the proper clinical methodologies associated with advanced biomaterials chemical engineering. That’s what brings about the real success in this restorative science – the education.
Natural Relief for Headaches
Headaches go back as far as when man first started to dabble in the medicinal arts and a variety of procedures, home remedies and health supplements have been used over the centuries in the treatment of headaches. In fact the earliest known surgical procedure is thought to have been an attempt to cure headaches and became popular in the Middle Ages (along with comparably credible treatments such as leeches, humor balancing and flogging). This procedure, known as trepanning or trephining, simply involves drilling a large hole in the head that was ironically thought to release the pressure causing the headache.
Thankfully science has come a long way since then although our relatively poor knowledge of the brain and its function means that the cause of the majority of headaches is still unknown although there are now many drugs, health supplements and natural remedies that can assist the treatment of headaches.
We will talk about primary headaches here or those that are not caused by an underlying medical condition. Secondary headaches can be indicative of serious problems so any headache that is frequent, severe or accompanied by any other symptoms (vomiting, diarrhea sensitivity to light, dizziness, slurred speech etc) should be checked out by a physician. If you are in any doubt as to whether you should see a physician, see one.
The medical world has split headaches into a number of different categories, although you may have your own expletive laden terms, for our purposes we will divide these headaches or cephalalgia into the following two types with some suggestions for supplements and natural solutions that may help to relieve the pain assist in the treatment of headaches.
Tension headaches – These are the most common and are usually caused by tension in the muscles of the scalp or neck. Poor posture, repetitive actions or overuse of the jaw muscles can all cause excess strain, resulting in mild to moderate pain.
Relaxation is usually the best good remedy so a hot bath or a cold pack on the neck can help. Slow and deep breathing is also a good way to relive pain and bring headache relief.
Natural herbal health supplements including Chamomile, Peppermint Oil and Lavender can all help the relaxation process and bring headache relief. Additionally health supplements Vitamin A, Vitamin C and Pantothenic Acid are important for supporting functions in the head and Calcium and Magnesium can relieve muscle tension. If bruxism or teeth grinding in the night is suspected then Passionflower, Hops and Valerian may have a positive effect and a good night’s sleep is never a bad thing in the treatment of headaches.
Vascular headaches – These include migraine headaches, flu headaches, cluster headaches and premenstrual headaches and are caused by dilation of the blood vessels around the head. Movement or physical activity can make it worse and some episodes can go on for days.
In addition to pharmaceutical options there are a few natural herbal health supplements that are known to be effective in the prevention and treatment of vascular headaches including; Feverfew, which can reduce inflammation in the brain; White Willow, a natural analgesic; and Gingko Biloba which helps maintain peripheral circulation to the brain (although check with your doctor as some peoples migraines have intensified after using gingko biloba). It is important to try to find out what triggers your headache symptoms and either avoid the triggers (such as red wine, aged cheese and tyramine containing foods etc) or be prepared when the times comes (menstruation or bouts of flu).
Some Headache Sufferers Find Relief in the Dental Chair
A recent study by the U.S. Army Medical Department found that one in eight Americans suffer from headaches. It is common for headache sufferers to find relief from dentist care.
“There are several sources of head pain that are treated by the dentist,” explains Beverly Hills Dentist Kourosh Maddahi. “If a person’s upper and lower jaw do not correctly meet, this can result in muscle tension that leads to headaches. Another dental-related cause of headache is the grinding or clenching of the teeth at night called bruxism. Because of the strain caused by heavy chewing or grinding, certain bones and muscles in the jaw are greatly stimulated and triggers headache.”
It is important, whenever in pain, to increase your calcium and magnesium intake. Together they are a natural relaxant for the muscles. You can use a special fitted nightguard to reduce clenching and grinding. Aside from bruxism, another headache-related dental problem is known as temporomandibular disorder (TMD or also referred to as TMJ) cycle of pain, muscle spasms, and joint imbalance that involves the jaw and the skull and results in interruption of bones, cartilage and muscle activity. Such symptoms may relate to the bite and therefore can successfully be treated by a dentist who has special education in managing these disorders.
Over 10 percent of the general population suffers from recurring headaches that are so severe they cannot carry out normal living! An estimated 80% of all headaches occur from muscle tension. Approximately 40% of all “healthy” individuals suffer from chronic headaches.
Head pain is not new. Early civilizations relied on magical potions and spells to cure headaches. In severe cases, holes were drilled in the skulls of headache sufferers so that the evil spirits which were believed to be the cause of the pain could escape. Over the years we have learned much about what causes headaches and how to treat them. Today, there is a growing realization that a common cause of tension headaches is a bad bite.
“If you suspect that your headaches might be caused by your bite,” says Dr. Maddahi, “contact your dentist. Your dentist will examine your teeth, your muscles, and your jaw joints to determine if dental stress is the source of your headaches. If so, treatment will involve correcting your bite so that the muscles can function without extra strain and tension. The important aim of correcting your bite is to insure optimal long-term health. If you have any of the symptoms mentioned, discuss them with your dentist. Your health is your most priceless possession.”
Dr. Kourosh Maddahi, has been specializing in creating beautiful, natural smiles and superior dental health for 20 years and is located in Beverly Hills at 436 N. Roxbury Drive, Suite 202 and can be reached at 310-888-7797.
Bruxisim: Grinding of teeth – Part 3
Bruxisim-or how to crack a walnut, with your teeth. Bruxisim is the grinding together of the teeth, usually but not always at night. It has been suggested that the forces put on your teeth whilst bruxing are between three and 10 times the normal force put on your teeth and 10 times would be enough to crack a walnut. The forces are so high, due to the fact that bruxing is an unconscious act. Bruxing is often accompanied by clenching of the teeth, which puts even more stress on the teeth and jaw.
Factors that seem to trigger bruxisim include, having another sleep disorder, malocclusion of teeth (particularly molars), alcohol, nicotine, caffeine, stress and disorders like Parkinson’s disease.
People usually find out they are bruxing and or clenching when either there partner complains of the noise, or their dentist notices the wearing down and damage to the teeth and enamel. Sufferers may also notice they have unexplained headaches or jaw and neck pain, especially in the mornings.
Anyone suffering from unexplained pain or discomfort in there teeth should visit there dentist or doctor and ask about what help is available for this habit, as once the damage is done to your teeth it is very hard to put right.
Bruxisim can cause many problems, both those directly related to the teeth such as: decay, fractures, malocclusion, sensitive teeth and those related to other parts of the body such as headaches, stiff necks, earache and problems with the TMJ joint.
There is no actual cure for bruxism, but there are many treatments that can ease and help the condition, these include:
* Mouth guards-the dentist takes impressions for a mouth guard, which is worn over your teeth at night to prevent damage to the dentine and tooth.
* Relaxation-techniques that make you less stressed and more relaxed such as meditation or yoga may be beneficial to those whose bruxing is mostly caused due to stress.
* Repairing uneven teeth-this may stop the need to brux, due to the mouth feeling more comfortable and the teeth meeting well.
* Orthodontic treatment-if the bruxing is caused by a misalignment of the teeth and or jaws.
* Medication-in severe cases, medication such as tranquilizers can be used to relax the muscles and the mind during the night.
You may need to try out several methods before you find the one that helps you, but it’s well worth the effort as your teeth have to last a lifetime.
Sleep Disorder Vs. Ambien
It is truly stressful not being able to get good sleep. In fact over 100 million people today are suffering from Sleep Disorder!
What Is Sleep Disorder Anyway?
A sleep disorder (somnipathy) is a disorder in the sleep patterns. Some sleep disorders can interfere with mental and emotional function.
The most common sleep disorders include:
* Bruxism: The sufferer involuntarily grinds his or her teeth while sleeping.
* Delayed sleep phase syndrome (DSPS): A sleep disorder of circadian rhythm, characterized by the inability to wake up and fall asleep at the desired times, but not by inability to stay asleep.
* Hypnagogia: vivid hallucinations whilst falling asleep.
* And more…
Is There Simple Ways to Cure Sleep Disorder?
Try these simple tips to improve the quality of your sleep:
* Go to sleep and wake up each day at the same time.
* Avoid caffeine or lots of feed late in the night.
* Watch your diet and do exercise.
* Relax and be happy.
* Get help from your doctor.
* Get up if you can’t go sleep.
What’s the Most Effective Medicine to Cure Sleep Disorder?
Ambien is the most effective and widely used medicine to cure sleep disorder. Ambien is a sedative, also called a hypnotic. It affects chemicals in your brain that may become unbalanced and cause sleep problems (insomnia). Ambien is used to treat insomnia. This medication causes relaxation to help you fall asleep and stay asleep.
How do I use Ambien?
You can take Ambien just before going to bed, this medicine works very quickly. Only take the prescribed dose, exactly as instructed by your doctor. If you forget a dose of Ambien, take this medicine only as needed, never double up the dose.
How fast will I fall asleep with Ambien?
Ambien works very quickly. It has been shown to help individuals fall asleep within 15 to 30 minutes.
Can I take Ambien with alcohol?
No, never drink alcohol while you are taking Ambien or other sleep medicines.
Can I take Ambien if I’m also taking other medications?
Always ask your doctor before taking other medications with Ambien.
What should I avoid while taking Ambien?
Ambien can cause side effects that may impair your thinking or reactions. You may still feel sleepy the morning after taking the medication. Until you know how this medication will affect you during waking hours, be careful if you drive, operate machinery, pilot an airplane, or do anything that requires you to be awake and alert.
Is Ambien expensive?
Depending on where you get your Ambien, the price can vary drastically. Try Generic Ambien instead of the Brand one and you will save up to 85% of the cost.
Generic Ambien works the same as the brand Ambien. The difference is that generic Ambien is produced by the medical manufacturers other than the one that invented Ambien. Generic medicine is subjected to the same medical regulation and is fully supported by the government of US, Canada, UK, Australia and many others.
Tmj Treatment | Tmj Symptom : Cure Tmj the Natural Way
TMJ Treatment | TMJ Symptom : Cure TMJ the Natural Way
Firstly, let’s define what TMJ really means? TMJ is the commonly used acronym for temporomandibular joint disorder. The pain associated with TMJ is thought to be caused by displacement of the cartilage where the lower jaw connects to the skull causing pressure and stretching of the associated sensory nerves. TMJ is pain resulting from the wear and tear caused by overuse of the temporomandibular joint. Stress, tension and anxiety often contribute to overuse, as each of these conditions can cause people to grind their teeth or clench their jaws excessively.
Many TMJ patients are unaware of the cause of their condition. A number have TMJ symptoms that do not interfere with their lives. And the symptoms can be both nerve racking and painful such as:
* Patients with TMJ often grind their teeth (bruxism) to find a comfortable bite.
* Deviation of the lower jaw to one side on opening. This is called mandibular opening deviation.
* Continual jaw muscle spasm can cause muscle shortening with limited opening. Looking at the side of a person’s face, you can often make out the lower jaw.The bottom of the lower jaw is usually parallel to the floor. However, many TMD patients have a sharp downward angle. This TMJ symptom is call a steep mandibular plane angle.
* When the corners of the mouth get red, swollen and painful. It’s called angular chelitis and is also seen when denture patients have worn out dentures.
* It is not unusual to see swelling of a TMJ patient’s face. This TMJ symptom is called facial edema. Some sufferers have unusual movements of their necks (cervical torticollis) and lower jaws. (mandibular torticollis).
* TMJ sufferers often have pain in one or both of the jaw joints and TMJ pain is common. The jaw joints may have clicking and popping noises. These are called TMJ noises.
Until now even doctors don’t really know how to cure TMJ permanently. All they do is prescribed strong pain killer for temporary relief. All these medicines fail. Even if they reduce the pain a little for a while in the beginning, they’ll stop working little by little as your body gets immune to them.
TMJ Treatment Exercises
The purpose of the TMJ exercises is to prevent clicking of the jaw and to strengthen muscles which pull your jaw backwards. It will relax the muscle which pull the jaw forwards or to one side as you open your mouth, and this will take the strain off your joints.
Set aside two 5 minute periods every day, at a time when you are relaxed and have nothing on your mind. One good time is just before you go to bed, another is perhaps when you get home from work. Sit upright in a chair and carry out the following manoeuvres:
1. Close your mouth on your back teeth, resting the tip of your tongue on your palate, just behind the upper front teeth.
2. Run the tip of your tongue backwards on to the soft palate as far back as it will go, keeping the teeth in contact.
3. Force the tongue back to maintain contact with your soft palate and slowly open your mouth until you feel your tongue just being pulled away from the soft palate. Do not try to open your mouth further. Keep it in this position for five seconds and then close your mouth. Relax for five seconds.
4. Repeat this manoeuvre slowly over the next five minutes in a firm, but relaxed, fashion.
Thousands of people have already used these exercises to permanently cure their TMJ. Considering how complex this condition is, it’s amazing how well they work for many people.
Another proven TMJ Exercise
1. A deviation is an unwanted shifting of the jaw to one side. When many TMJ patients open their mouths, their jaws deviate to one side. Almost always the jaw shifts towards the jaw joint that is damaged. Over time the good side of the mouth becomes overused and develops problems. This TMJ exercise is used to help reeducate the jaw to open correctly. It must be done in front of a mirror so that you can actually see your jaw open and close.
2. Try and open your mouth straight. This will take some effort because the weak muscles on the bad side will not want to function correctly when you ask them. Open and close correctly for ten openings and take a rest. Repeat another ten openings again and take a rest. Finally repeat ten more. This is called three sets of ten. Do three sets of ten three or four times each day.
3. Stretching can be done by slowly opening your mouth as wide and you comfortably can and then slowly closing. Then slowly opening to the left side as wide as you comfortably can and then slowly closing. Then slowly opening to the right side as wide as you comfortably can and then slowly closing. Repeat these movements until your muscles feel better. You can do this stretching exercise while driving, watching TV, before bed, at work, and during a lot of other times.
4. The next step is to assist your jaw in doing these stretches by using your hand to gently go a bit further than just by opening your mouth yourself. Do not use a lot of force! Do each of the stretching movements as previously described above but use your hand to open a little bit more than you could only with your mouth. If this causes a lot of pain, don’t do it.
5. You can increase the blood flow to your muscles by placing moist hot towels on the sides of your face while you do this exercise. Run a sink with hot water until it fills up about half way. Adjust the hot water so that you can touch it with your hands and it doesn’t burn. Place two hand towels in the hot water and then wring the two towels out. Quickly fold the towels up neatly and place one on each side of your face. Do your stretching exercise until the towels become cold. You can continue to reheat the towels and repeat the exercise until your muscles feel better.
There are also methods that worked for other people but not proven that could for others. Well it’s worth of a try for people that’s just starting to suffer TMJ symptoms. It may lead to your TMJ treatment or some other ways will work for you.
* Changing your diet, especially to get more magnesium
* Using a fanny pack instead of a purse
* Using extra sharp knives in the kitchen
* Seeing a physical therapist who specialized in ergonomics and posture
* Doing yoga postures and ergonomic stretches every day
* Using a back roller
* Trigger point therapy and moist heat
* Reading and studying the books listed above on yoga, repetitive stress injuries and body alignment
Feeling Your Way Through Dental Fillings
Drivers are no strangers to potholes – those circular holes in the road that can make driving an unpleasant experience. These are common during the rainy season and cause slow traffic and bad-tempered drivers.
To repair these holes, they’re usually filled with asphalt – a brownish-black liquid material that hardens as it cools. In a way, your dentist does the same thing.
If a cavity has messed up your tooth and has made eating painful and difficult, your dentist will patch it up with a dental filling. The area of the tooth to be repaired is numbed with a local anesthetic and a drill, air abrasion instrument or lazer is used to remove the decayed material and clean the area.
“Your dentist will probe or test the area during the decay removal process to determine if all the decay has been removed. Once the decay has been removed, your dentist will prepare the space for the filling by cleaning the cavity of bacteria and debris. If the decay is near the root, your dentist may first put in a liner made of glass ionomer, composite resin, or other material to protect the nerve. Generally, after the filling is in, your dentist will finish and polish it,” said the editors of WebMD.Com and the Cleveland Clinic Department of Dentistry.
“Several additional steps are required for tooth-colored fillings and are as follows. After your dentist has removed the decay and cleaned the area, the tooth-colored material is applied in layers. Next, a special light that ‘cures’ or hardens each layer is applied. When the multilayering process is completed, your dentist will shape the composite material to the desired result, trim off any excess material and polish the final restoration,” they added.
Aside from cavities, dental fillings are used to repair cracked or broken teeth as well as teeth that have been worn down due to nail-biting or bruxism (tooth grinding). Several filling materials are available. These include gold, porcelain, silver amalgam or tooth-colored plastic and glass materials called composite resin fillings.
What are the advantages and disadvantages of these materials? This series will tell you what to expect from each filling and hopefully help you find one that meets your personal needs. (Next: Qualities of good dental fillings.)
To complement your beautiful smile, use the Rejuvinol AM/PM Botox Alternative Age-Defying System to eliminate fine lines and wrinkles. For more information, go to http://www.rejuvinol.com.
Sleep Disorder Vs Ambien
It is truly stressful not being able to get good sleep. In fact over 100 million people today are suffering from Sleep Disorder!
What Is Sleep Disorder Anyway?
A sleep disorder (somnipathy) is a disorder in the sleep patterns. Some sleep disorders can interfere with mental and emotional function.
The most common sleep disorders include:
* Bruxism: The sufferer involuntarily grinds his or her teeth while sleeping.
* Delayed sleep phase syndrome (DSPS): A sleep disorder of circadian rhythm, characterized by the inability to wake up and fall asleep at the desired times, but not by inability to stay asleep.
* Hypnagogia: vivid hallucinations whilst falling asleep.
* And more…
Is There Simple Ways to Cure Sleep Disorder?
Try these simple tips to improve the quality of your sleep:
* Go to sleep and wake up each day at the same time.
* Avoid caffeine or lots of feed late in the night.
* Watch your diet and do exercise.
* Relax and be happy.
* Get help from your doctor.
* Get up if you can’t go sleep.
What’s the Most Effective Medicine to Cure Sleep Disorder?
Ambien is the most effective and widely used medicine to cure sleep disorder. Ambien is a sedative, also called a hypnotic. It affects chemicals in your brain that may become unbalanced and cause sleep problems (insomnia). Ambien is used to treat insomnia. This medication causes relaxation to help you fall asleep and stay asleep.
How do I use Ambien?
You can take Ambien just before going to bed, this medicine works very quickly. Only take the prescribed dose, exactly as instructed by your doctor. If you forget a dose of Ambien, take this medicine only as needed, never double up the dose.
How fast will I fall asleep with Ambien?
Ambien works very quickly. It has been shown to help individuals fall asleep within 15 to 30 minutes.
Can I take Ambien with alcohol?
No, never drink alcohol while you are taking Ambien or other sleep medicines.
Can I take Ambien if I’m also taking other medications?
Always ask your doctor before taking other medications with Ambien.
What should I avoid while taking Ambien?
Ambien can cause side effects that may impair your thinking or reactions. You may still feel sleepy the morning after taking the medication. Until you know how this medication will affect you during waking hours, be careful if you drive, operate machinery, pilot an airplane, or do anything that requires you to be awake and alert.
Is Ambien expensive?
Depending on where you get your Ambien, the price can vary drastically. Try Generic Ambien instead of the Brand one and you will save up to 85% of the cost.
Generic Ambien works the same as the brand Ambien. The difference is that generic Ambien is produced by the medical manufacturers other than the one that invented Ambien. Generic medicine is subjected to the same medical regulation and is fully supported by the government of US, Canada, UK, Australia and many others.
